Khartoum represents the federal capital of the Republic of Sudan, and is located at the junction of the White and Blue Nile at longitude (32.5) east and latitude (16) north. It is inhabited by a mixture of Sudanese and many Arab, African, Asian and European communities. Its climate is tropical, hot to very hot in summer, hot and rainy in autumn, and warm to moderate in winter. Khartoum has the headquarters of the State Presidency, federal offices, cultural and scientific houses, companies and commercial centers, and international organizations, institutions and diplomatic missions are based there. The location of Khartoum at the confluence of the Nile River has attracted the attention of Sudanese rulers since ancient times. Soba, the capital of the Christian Kingdom of Alwa, is located not far from the site. There is evidence that the site of Khartoum was inhabited since ancient times, and that the retreats of religious leaders were located there in the seventeenth century AD. It was present under Turkish-Egyptian rule since 1821 until it was liberated by the forces of the Mahdist Revolution in 1885 AD,
and the capital was moved from it to Amd Rumman on the west bank of the Nile River during the period of rule of the Mahdist state. Then Khartoum became the capital of Sudan again in 1898 AD, and it has remained the capital of the country until now. . The University of Khartoum occupies important locations throughout the capital (Khartoum). The main university building is located in a large area on the left bank of the Blue Nile, and the Medical Sciences Complex occupies a prominent location in the center of Khartoum. The university also owns real estate in the center of Khartoum and endowments in the heart of the commercial center of the city, in addition to lands. The vast investment area south of Khartoum. The College of Education complex is located in Amd Rumman, while the Shambat Complex, which includes the faculties of veterinary medicine, agriculture, animal production, and the College of Forestry, is located in the city of Khartoum Bahri on the right bank of the Nile River.
University of Khartoum Pioneers
First female Sudanese doctorsKhalida Zahir
Pioneer of African psychiatryProf.El-Tigani el-Mahi
Order of the RepublicProf. Elnazeer Dafa'alla
British naturalist renownedProf. Cloudsley Thompson